Gyratory crusher liner



Nov. 21, 1967 w LEY ET AL GYRAT ORY SHER LINER Filed Sept. 18, 1964 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 United States Patent 3,353,758 GYRATORY CRUSHER LINER Henry P. Whaley, Aurora, Minn., and Gorden Felix Johnson, Pittsburgh, Pa., assignors to Erie Mining Company, Hoyt Lakes, Minrn, a corporation of Minnesota Filed Sept. 18-, 1964, Ser. No. 397,376 4 Claims. (Cl. 2-41300) This invention relates to crusher linings, and is concerned with the provision of improved concaves for use in lining gyratory crushers.

The term-concaves asused herein is intended to refer to relatively heavy' plate-like elements having a shape to conform to asmall segment of the interior surface of a crusher shell and adapted to overlie the latter as a replaceable lining for the crusher. Concaves usually are produced as castings formed from a relatively very tough ferrous alloy, e.g., a manganese steel. Suchconcaves conventionally are caused to adhere to the crusher shell by means of a layer of relatively low melting point metal, usually zinc between the rear surface of the concave and the front surface of the shell. For this purpose it is conventional to provide on the rear surface of the cast concave a plurality of outstanding spacing members or integral lugs, e.g., adjacent the four corners of the concave, which lugs, when the concave is in use, press against the crusher shell and space the body of the concave from the latter. In lining the crusher, rows of these concaves are placed about the periphery, and then molten zinc (or equivalent) is poured into the spaces provided by the aforesaid lugs. Concaves of this sort are disclosed in, amongst others, US. Patents Nos. 2,813,685, MacLeod, and 2,594,080, Shatter.

While the purpose of providing the zinc layer is mainly to cushion the crushing shock, what usually happens is that the zinc upon cooling shrinks whereupon the integral lugs then extend somewhat beyond the zinc layer, and all or most of the crushing shock is transmitted through these lugs causing deformation of the crusher shell and uneven wear of the crusher lining. In fact, since the load falls mostly on these spaced lugs cracking of the concaves often results.

According to the present invention, in the casting of the concave we omit the aforesaid integral lugs and in their stead we provideat selected locations on the rear surface of the concave; cored holes (of any desired crosssectional configuration, e.g., cylindrical holes) into which cored holes we insert wooden dowels. These latter, when seated in the holes provided for them, extend beyond the rear face of the concave by any desired distance, viz., the same distance by which the supplanted integral lugs extended from the rear plane of the concave, whereby to determine the extent of spacing between the concave and the crusher shell. When the crusher lining has been fabricated within the shell, molten zinc (or equivalent) is poured into the space provided by the dowels, in conventional manner, whereupon the re-lining of the crusher shell is completed.

Under the crushing load the wooden dowels are compressed, allowing the crushing force to be uniformly distributed over the entire area of the liner through the zinc layer to the crusher frame. In pouring the zinc, some charring of the dowels occurs but this has proved in practice to be not enough to ruin their use as spacers.

The principal advantage accruing from the substitution of wooden dowels for the integrally molded lugs of the prior art is that if and when the zinc layer shrinks the wooden dowels compress, and the concave is pressed uniformly against the crusher shell so that any shrinkage spaces (between concave and zinc, and/ or between Zinc and crusher shell) disappear and crushing shock is uni- 3,353,758 Pa-tented Nov. 2 1, 1967' formly dis-tributed. This accommodation of the entire liner to the shell minimizes cracking of concaves, greatly reduces wear on the liner and very substantially prolongs the period of uninterrupted service afforded by the liner before downtime for renewal or repairbecomes necessary. Cur experience with this improvement has indicated that this change in the formation of the concaves and fabrication of" the crusher lining has accounted for'a' very substantial' reduction inthe ore crushing costs.

The invention will now be described in greater. particularity and with reference to the. accompanying drawing, inwhich FIG. 1 is a perspective view of'a liner section, or concave, showing anoperable disposition of cored holes, with.

wooden spacer dowels inserted, in the holes so provided;

FIG. 2 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view show ing a portion of lining adhere to a portion of crusher shell; and

FIG. 3 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view showing a further embodiment of the invention, the view including a portion of a crusher shell and confronting portion of the mantle of a gyratory crusher equipped with concaves provided with spacer dowels.

In FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawing, 10 represents a liner concave conventional in all respects except that in lieu of integral lugs at the four corners of the rear surface thereof there are a like number of sockets or cored holes 11, 11 adapted to embrace portions of wooden dowels 12, 12 having a cross-sectional configuration, corresponding to that of the cored holes. While the invention is not restricted to the use of any specific number of dowels, or to use of dowels of a particular dimension or crosssectional configuration, it may be stated that actual experience has shown that for a concave (cast from a manganese steel melt) of conventional size four wooden dowels are suflicient to meet the need.

In FIG. 2, the shell of a gyratory crusher, of conventional structure, is indicated at 13, 14, while 15 represents a layer of zinc filling the space 16 between confronting surfaces of the lining and the crusher shell. FIG. 3 further shows a crusher mantle 19 confronting a concaves-lined crusher shell 13, 14.

Concaves so modified have been used on differently sized gyratories, e.g., on both 36 inch and 60 inch gyratories. In addition to the different concave dimensions for the different sizes of crusher, there also may be different dimensions for each row of concaves. Thus, the height of these concaves may vary from 2'2" to 3'4". The width may vary from 3' to 4'5". The thickness of these concaves also may vary from 2 /2" to 5", The dowel diameters may vary from 1'' to 2", with the concave openings 1 /2" to 2 /2" deep, and having a diameter of from 1 /2" to 2 /2". Due to the configuration of the liners in place, the dowels may extend from the surfaces of the concaves from A3" to 3%" to permit space for the zinc backing.

FIG. 3 rather diagrammatically represents a specific relationship of the modified concaves with other parts of a 36-inch gyratory crusher. This figure shows how the thickness of both the concaves and the zinc coating also vary. It is noted that the concaves vary in thickness and are thicker at the points of greatest wear: this is done to secure the maximum utilization of the manganese steel wear parts. Thus, the spacing 16' between the middle concave and the shell tapers from about 2.25 inches to about 1.125 inches; spacing 16" varies from about 1 inch to about 2.25 inches; while spacing 16" (at the top of the shell) varies from about 1.125 inch to about 0.375 inch, all of these spaces eventually being filled with molten zinc.

We claim:

1. A concave for the lining of a crusher having a shell with a curved inner surface, said concave consist-ing essentially of a heavy plate-like casting, curved conformably to the curvature of the inner surface of a crusher shell, said plate-like casting being provided with a plurality of cavities spaced about the convex side of the concave, said cavities having a generally cylindrical cross-section, and relatively readily compressible spacing members socketed in said cavities and extending somewhat beyond the convexly curved plane of the concave by a predetermined distance to provide a relatively narrow space, between the convex side of the concave and an adjacent surface of a crusher shell, to accommodate the casting of a layer of castable backing material in such narrow space.

2. The concave defined in claim 1, in which the relatively readily compressible spacing members are wooden dowels.

3. A gyratory crusher comprising (1) a crusher shell lined with (2) a plurality of courses of concaves, each concave consisting essentially of a heavy plate-like casting, curved conformably to the curvature or the inner surface of a crusher shell, said plate-like casting being provided with a plurality of cavities spaced about the convex side of the concave said cavities having a generally cylindrical cross-section and embracing relatively readily compressible spacing members, said spacing members extending beyond the convexly curved plane of the concave a predetermined distance to provide a relatively narrow space between concaves and crusher shell, and (3) a layer of castable backing material cast in situ in said narrow space between said concaves and said crusher shell.

4. The gyratory crusher defined in claim 3, in which said spacing members are Wooden dowels and in which the backing layer is a layer of zinc.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,187,160 6/1916 McKee et al 241-300 2,479,325 8/1949 De Domenico 29-493 2,631,505 3/1953 Arpin et a1 241-299 2,989,253 6/1961 MacLeod 241-294 3,128,055 4/1964 Michel 2413OO X ANDREW R. JUHASZ, Primary Examiner. 

3. A GYRATORY CRUSHER COMPRISING (1) A CRUSER SHELL LINED WITH (2) A PLURALITY OF COURSES OF CONCAVES, EACH CONCAVE CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A HEAVY PLATE-LIKE CASTING, CURVED CONFORMABLY OF THE CURVATURE OF THE INNER SURFACE OF A CRUSHER SHELL, SAID PLATE-LIKE CASTING BEING PROVIDED WITH A PLURALITY OF CAVITIES SPACED ABOUT THE CONVEX SIDE OF THE CONCAVE SAID CAVITIES HAVING A GENERALLY CYLINDRICAL CROSS-SECTION AND EMBRACING RELATIVELY READILY COMPRESSIBLE SPACING MEMBERS, SAID SPACING MEMBERS EXTENDING BEYOND THE CONVEXLY CURVED LANE OF THE CONCAVE A PREDETERMINED DISTANCE TO PROVIDE A RELATIVELY NARROW SPACE BETWEEN CONCAVE AND CRUSHER SHELL, AND (3) A LAYER OF CASTABLE BACKING MATERIAL CAST IN SITU IN SAID NARROW SPACE BETWEEN SAID CONCAVES AND SAID CRUSHER SHELL. 